Respiratory: Bronchitis, asthma, bronchiectasis, emphysema and pneumonia, descreases cough (wet and dry cough), flu, expectorant and lubricates airway, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

Gastrointestinal: Dysentry, liver disorders, spleen, gallbladder, dysentery, parasites

Musculoskeletal: Gout, joint pain, arthritis, joint pain and swelling

Neurologic: Nerve pain (neuropathy)

Skin: Burns, calluses, skin infections, warts

Cancer: May have cancer-preventing properties

Other: Prevents intoxication from alcohol. Weight loss properties.

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SIDE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomach, rash/dermatitis (skin irritation), headache, dizziness

CAUTION/CONTRAINDICATIONS: Eating intact leaves may be mildly poisonous

FORMS: Extract, tea, cough syrup (Prospan)

Note: Often used as a component of some popular over-the-counter herbal remedies

Recommended Brands

• No available recommendations at this time

Dosage

As directed on the product label.

Some clinical and consumer sources describe a wide range of herbal amounts, and many are not supported by strong evidence. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

Traditional herbal practices describe the use of this herb in capsule, powder, tea, or extract form. Modern commercial products vary widely in strength and formulation, so traditional amounts may not apply to current products. Many people use this herb for general wellness or comfort, but evidence is limited and product strengths differ significantly.

Some consumer health sites describe various regimens used in research studies. These reflect study protocols rather than standardized clinical recommendations.

For detailed drug dosing and interaction information, refer to herbal dosing on the Epocrates website.

Traditional Use (General Information Only)

This herb has been used traditionally for general wellness and comfort. Traditional practices describe a variety of forms, including teas, powders, and capsules. These uses are based on historical and consumer experience rather than strong clinical evidence.

These reflect traditional and consumer uses, not evidence‑based medical treatments. Product formulations vary, so it is important to follow the manufacturer’s directions.

*Disclaimer: The material above is for informational purposes only. This information is not intended to diagnose or treat a condition. The uses listed above are tentative; some have or are undergoing research trials, but many are not FDA-approved. It is essential that you investigate these supplements further before deciding to use them. Check interactions and contraindications on sites like Drugs.com, German Commission e or WebMD. Do not attempt to treat a serious condition like liver, kidney problems, high blood pressure, heart, cancer, diabetes, or thyroid issues without discussing it with a healthcare provider first. If you are pregnant, do not use supplements without discussing it with your healthcare provider.